Programming Structured DNA Assemblies to Probe Biophysical Processes

Author:

Wamhoff Eike-Christian1,Banal James L.1,Bricker William P.1,Shepherd Tyson R.1,Parsons Molly F.1,Veneziano Rémi1,Stone Matthew B.1,Jun Hyungmin1,Wang Xiao1,Bathe Mark1

Affiliation:

1. Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA;

Abstract

Structural DNA nanotechnology is beginning to emerge as a widely accessible research tool to mechanistically study diverse biophysical processes. Enabled by scaffolded DNA origami in which a long single strand of DNA is weaved throughout an entire target nucleic acid assembly to ensure its proper folding, assemblies of nearly any geometric shape can now be programmed in a fully automatic manner to interface with biology on the 1–100-nm scale. Here, we review the major design and synthesis principles that have enabled the fabrication of a specific subclass of scaffolded DNA origami objects called wireframe assemblies. These objects offer unprecedented control over the nanoscale organization of biomolecules, including biomolecular copy numbers, presentation on convex or concave geometries, and internal versus external functionalization, in addition to stability in physiological buffer. To highlight the power and versatility of this synthetic structural biology approach to probing molecular and cellular biophysics, we feature its application to three leading areas of investigation: light harvesting and nanoscale energy transport, RNA structural biology, and immune receptor signaling, with an outlook toward unique mechanistic insight that may be gained in these areas in the coming decade.

Publisher

Annual Reviews

Subject

Cell Biology,Biochemistry,Bioengineering,Structural Biology,Biophysics

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