Multiomics: Functional Molecular Biomarkers of Micronutrients for Public Health Application

Author:

Allen Lindsay H.12,Fenech Michael34,LeVatte Marcia A.5,West Keith P.6,Wishart David S.5789

Affiliation:

1. 1Western Human Nutrition Research Center, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Davis, California, USA

2. 2Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, California, USA

3. 3Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia

4. 4Genome Health Foundation, North Brighton, South Australia, Australia

5. 5Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

6. 6Center for Human Nutrition, Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA; email: kwest1@jhu.edu

7. 7Department of Computing Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

8. 8Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

9. 9Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

Abstract

Adequate micronutrient intake and status are global public health goals. Vitamin and mineral deficiencies are widespread and known to impair health and survival across the life stages. However, knowledge of molecular effects, metabolic pathways, biological responses to variation in micronutrient nutriture, and abilities to assess populations for micronutrient deficiencies and their pathology remain lacking. Rapidly evolving methodological capabilities in genomics, epigenomics, proteomics, and metabolomics offer unparalleled opportunities for the nutrition research community to link micronutrient exposure to cellular health; discover new, arguably essential micronutrients of microbial origin; and integrate methods of molecular biology, epidemiology, and intervention trials to develop novel approaches to assess and prevent micronutrient deficiencies in populations. In this review article, we offer new terminology to specify nutritional application of multiomic approaches and encourage collaboration across the basic to public health sciences to advance micronutrient deficiency prevention.

Publisher

Annual Reviews

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