Human Genetic Determinants of Viral Diseases

Author:

Kenney Adam D.1,Dowdle James A.2,Bozzacco Leonia34,McMichael Temet M.1,St. Gelais Corine5,Panfil Amanda R.5,Sun Yan6,Schlesinger Larry S.17,Anderson Matthew Z.1,Green Patrick L.5,López Carolina B.6,Rosenberg Brad R.89,Wu Li15,Yount Jacob S.1

Affiliation:

1. Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA;, , ,

2. Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA;

3. Laboratory of Virology and Infectious Disease, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA

4. Current affiliation: Target Information Group, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, New York 10591, USA;

5. Center of Retrovirus Research, Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA;, , ,

6. Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA;,

7. Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas 78227, USA;

8. Program in Immunogenomics, John C. Whitehead Presidential Fellows Program, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA

9. Current affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA;

Abstract

Much progress has been made in the identification of specific human gene variants that contribute to enhanced susceptibility or resistance to viral diseases. Herein we review multiple discoveries made with genome-wide or candidate gene approaches that have revealed significant insights into virus–host interactions. Genetic factors that have been identified include genes encoding virus receptors, receptor-modifying enzymes, and a wide variety of innate and adaptive immunity-related proteins. We discuss a range of pathogenic viruses, including influenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus, human immunodeficiency virus, human T cell leukemia virus, human papilloma virus, hepatitis B and C viruses, herpes simplex virus, norovirus, rotavirus, parvovirus, and Epstein-Barr virus. Understanding the genetic underpinnings that affect infectious disease outcomes should allow tailored treatment and prevention approaches in the future.

Publisher

Annual Reviews

Subject

Genetics

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