Antibiotic-Induced Genetic Variation: How It Arises and How It Can Be Prevented

Author:

Blázquez Jesús123,Rodríguez-Beltrán Jerónimo4,Matic Ivan5

Affiliation:

1. Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CNB-CSIC), 28049 Madrid, Spain;

2. Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Microbiologia y Medicina Preventiva, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio, 41013 Seville, Spain

3. Red Española de Investigacion en Patologia Infecciosa, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain

4. Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria, 28034 Madrid, Spain;

5. Faculté de Médecine Paris Descartes, INSERM 1001, CNRS, Université Paris-Descartes-Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75014 Paris, France;

Abstract

By targeting essential cellular processes, antibiotics provoke metabolic perturbations and induce stress responses and genetic variation in bacteria. Here we review current knowledge of the mechanisms by which these molecules generate genetic instability. They include production of reactive oxygen species, as well as induction of the stress response regulons, which lead to enhancement of mutation and recombination rates and modulation of horizontal gene transfer. All these phenomena influence the evolution and spread of antibiotic resistance. The use of strategies to stop or decrease the generation of resistant variants is also discussed.

Publisher

Annual Reviews

Subject

Microbiology

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