Generating Clinical-Grade Gene–Disease Validity Classifications Through the ClinGen Data Platforms

Author:

Wright Matt W.1,Thaxton Courtney L.2,Nelson Tristan3,DiStefano Marina T.4,Savatt Juliann M.3,Brush Matthew H.5,Cheung Gloria1,Mandell Mark E.1,Wulf Bryan1,Ward TJ2,Goehringer Scott3,O'Neill Terry4,Weller Phil3,Preston Christine G.1,Keseler Ingrid M.1,Goldstein Jennifer L.2,Strande Natasha T.3,McGlaughon Jennifer2,Azzariti Danielle R.4,Cordova Ineke3,Dziadzio Hannah4,Babb Lawrence4,Riehle Kevin6,Milosavljevic Aleksandar6,Martin Christa Lese3,Rehm Heidi L.4,Plon Sharon E.76,Berg Jonathan S.2,Riggs Erin R.3,Klein Teri E.81

Affiliation:

1. 1Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA; email: wrightmw@stanford.edu, teri.klein@stanford.edu

2. 2Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA; email: courtney_thaxton@med.unc.edu

3. 3Geisinger, Danville, Pennsylvania, USA; email: thnelson@geisinger.edu

4. 4Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA

5. 5Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA

6. 6Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA

7. 7Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA

8. 8Departments of Medicine (Biomedical Informatics Research) and Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA

Abstract

Clinical genetic laboratories must have access to clinically validated biomedical data for precision medicine. A lack of accessibility, normalized structure, and consistency in evaluation complicates interpretation of disease causality, resulting in confusion in assessing the clinical validity of genes and genetic variants for diagnosis. A key goal of the Clinical Genome Resource (ClinGen) is to fill the knowledge gap concerning the strength of evidence supporting the role of a gene in a monogenic disease, which is achieved through a process known as Gene–Disease Validity curation. Here we review the work of ClinGen in developing a curation infrastructure that supports the standardization, harmonization, and dissemination of Gene–Disease Validity data through the creation of frameworks and the utilization of common data standards. This infrastructure is based on several applications, including the ClinGen GeneTracker, Gene Curation Interface, Data Exchange, GeneGraph, and website.

Publisher

Annual Reviews

Reference57 articles.

1. OMIM.org: leveraging knowledge across phenotype–gene relationships;Nucleic Acids Res,2019

2. The HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC);Hum. Genet.,2001

3. A brief history of human disease genetics;Nature,2020

4. Looking back at 20 years of human genome sequencing;Science Podcast,2021

5. ClinGen—the Clinical Genome Resource;N. Engl. J. Med.,2015

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