Moving from the Trial to the Real World: Improving Medication Adherence Using Insights of Implementation Science

Author:

Zullig Leah L.12,Deschodt Mieke34,Liska Jan5,Bosworth Hayden B.12,De Geest Sabina36

Affiliation:

1. Center for Health Services Research in Primary Care, Durham Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Durham, North Carolina 27701, USA

2. Department of Population Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27707, USA;

3. Institute of Nursing Science, Department of Public Health, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland;

4. Division of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism, and Ageing, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium

5. Patient Solutions Unit, Medical Evidence Generation Team, Sanofi, 75008 Paris, France

6. Academic Centre for Nursing and Midwifery, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium

Abstract

Medication nonadherence is a serious public health concern. Although there are promising interventions that improve medication adherence, most interventions are developed and tested in tightly controlled research environments that are dissimilar from the real-world settings where the majority of patients receive health care. Implementation science methods have the potential to facilitate and accelerate the translation shift from the trial world to the real world. We demonstrate their potential by reviewing published, high-quality medication adherence studies that could potentially be translated into clinical practice yet lack essential implementation science building blocks. We further illustrate this point by describing an adherence study that demonstrates how implementation science creates a junction between research and real-world settings. This article is a call to action for researchers, clinicians, policy makers, pharmaceutical companies, and others involved in the delivery of care to adopt the implementation science paradigm in the scale-up of adherence (research) programs.

Publisher

Annual Reviews

Subject

Pharmacology,Toxicology

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