1. Center for Ecosystem Science and Society, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA;
2. Department of Biological Sciences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, Arizona, USA
3. Department of Plant and Wildlife Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, USA
4. Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, New York, USA
5. Department of Natural Resources and the Environment, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, USA
6. Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, Alaska, USA
7. Department of Physical Geography, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
8. Permafrost Research Section, Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Potsdam, Germany
9. Florence Bascom Geoscience Center, U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia, USA
10. Climate and Ecosystem Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
11. National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado, USA
12. Department of Geography, Colgate University, Hamilton, New York, USA
13. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas, USA
14. Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
15. Woodwell Climate Research Center, Falmouth, Massachusetts, USA
16. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
17. Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA