After the Storm: Regeneration, Repair, and Reestablishment of Homeostasis Between the Alveolar Epithelium and Innate Immune System Following Viral Lung Injury

Author:

Planer Joseph D.12,Morrisey Edward E.1234

Affiliation:

1. Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA;,

2. Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

3. Penn Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

4. Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

Abstract

The mammalian lung has an enormous environmental-epithelial interface that is optimized to accomplish the principal function of the respiratory system, gas exchange. One consequence of evolving such a large surface area is that the lung epithelium is continuously exposed to toxins, irritants, and pathogens. Maintaining homeostasis in this environment requires a delicate balance of cellular signaling between the epithelium and innate immune system. Following injury, the epithelium can be either fully regenerated in form and function or repaired by forming dysplastic scar tissue. In this review, we describe the major mechanisms of damage, regeneration, and repair within the alveolar niche where gas exchange occurs. With a focus on viral infection, we summarize recent work that has established how epithelial proliferation is arrested during infection and how the innate immune system guides its reconstitution during recovery. The consequences of these processes going awry are also considered, with an emphasis on how this will impact postpandemic pulmonary biology and medicine.

Publisher

Annual Reviews

Subject

Pathology and Forensic Medicine

Cited by 4 articles. 订阅此论文施引文献 订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献

1. Comparative Pathogenesis of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronaviruses;Annual Review of Pathology: Mechanisms of Disease;2024-01-24

2. Lower respiratory tract infections in early childhood;The Lancet;2023-12

3. MAIT cells in bacterial infectious diseases: heroes, villains, or both?;Clinical and Experimental Immunology;2023-08-25

4. Senescence of alveolar epithelial progenitor cells: a critical driver of lung fibrosis;American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology;2023-08-01

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