Protein Sulfenic Acids in Redox Signaling

Author:

Poole Leslie B.1,Karplus P. Andrew2,Claiborne Al1

Affiliation:

1. Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157;,

2. Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331;

Abstract

Reactive (low pKa) cysteine residues in proteins are critical components in redox signaling. A particularly reactive and versatile reversibly oxidized form of cysteine, the sulfenic acid (Cys-SOH), has important roles as a catalytic center in enzymes and as a sensor of oxidative and nitrosative stress in enzymes and transcriptional regulators. Depending on environment, sometimes the sulfenic acid provides a metastable oxidized form, and other times it is a fleeting intermediate giving rise to more stable disulfide, sulfinic acid, or sulfenyl-amide forms.

Publisher

Annual Reviews

Subject

Pharmacology,Toxicology

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