1. Fujian Police College, Fuzhou 350007, China
2. Computer Science and Information Security Management Department, Fujian Police College, Fuzhou 350007, China; Fujian Province Key Laboratory for Digital Network Crime Supervision and Prevention, Fuzhou 350007, China
3. Computer Science and Information Security Management Department, Fujian Police College, Fuzhou 350007, China
4. Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China
5. Fujian Provincial Prison Administration, Fuzhou 350002, China