Best management practices for doubling oilseed productivity: Aiming India for self reliance in edible oil

Abstract

India is one of the largest producer, consumer and importer of edible oilseeds in the world. The diverse agroclimatic conditions favour cultivation of all primary and secondary sources of oilseeds including tree borne oilseeds (TBO) in India. Kharif oilseed crops are important, which determine the total oilseed production in the country up to a large extent. Flawed agronomic practices, high incidence of biotic and abiotic stresses are the reasons for overall low oilseed productivity in the country. The impact of stresses can be minimized through improved agronomic practices. Further, best agronomic practices are complementary to harness genetic yield potential of high yielding varieties. In long run the soil test- crop response based soil fertility management and use of Sesbania green manuring, crop residue management led to higher seed yield. Crop establishment methods like furrow irrigated raised bed (FIRB), Zero tillage (ZT) with residue retention also affect growth and productivity. The micro-irrigation with proper irrigation scheduling, not only improve seed and oil yield but also saves substantial irrigation water. Sunflower, groundnut, sesame crops are potential options during summer fallow in irrigated areas, likewise short duration improved varieties of mustard create promising opportunities under rice fallow areas. Oil palm is also gaining popularity and has huge untapped potential in India. The genetic improvement, along with best package of practices and their adoption in larger areas by the farmers will certainly be a step forward to achieve self-reliance in oilseed crops.