The Relationship Between Serum Growth Differentiation Factor-15 (GDF-15) Levels and Clinical Outcomes in Infertile Women Receiving In-vitro Fertilization Treatment

Abstract

Objective: It has been reported in many studies that Growth Differentiation Factor-15 (GDF-15) has an important role in physiological or pathological processes. As there is no study in the current scientific literature examining the status of GDF-15 in infertility and its treatment outcomes, we aimed to investigate this. Material and methods: According to their ovarian reserve characteristics, 88 infertile women were divided into three groups: normal ovarian reserve (NOR), diminished ovarian reserve (DOR), and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Estradiol (E2), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), anti-mullerian hormone (AMH), and GDF-15 levels were measured in their serum. The antagonist protocol patients' total oocyte, meiosis II (MII) oocytes, embryo count, and clinical pregnancy rates were documented. Results: In terms of serum GDF-15 concentrations, there was no statistically significant difference among the mean values of the three study groups. The mean FSH level at baseline was substantially higher in the DOR group compared to the PCOS group. The median serum AMH levels of all three groups were found to be statistically different. The antagonist protocol patients' total oocytes, meiosis II (MII) oocytes, embryo count, and clinical pregnancy rates were documented. Conclusion: In the present study, a significant and strong correlation between serum GDF-15 level and consequent embryo number was detected. Thereby, serum GDF-15 level may be considered to be a biomarker for predicting IVF clinical outcomes.