Genomic identification, annotation, and comparative analysis of Vacuolar-type ATP synthase subunits in Diaphorina citri

Abstract

The hemipteran insect Diaphorina citri, or Asian citrus psyllid, is a vector for Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas), the bacterium causing citrus greening disease, or Huanglongbing (HLB). Millions of citrus trees have been destroyed, and every grove in Florida, USA, has been directly affected by this disease. In eukaryotes, vacuolar-type ATP synthase (V-ATPase) is an abundant heterodimeric enzyme that serves the cell with essential compartment acidification through the active processes that transport protons across the membrane. Fifteen putative V-ATPase genes in the D. citri genome were manually curated. Comparative genomic analysis revealed that D. citri V-ATPase subunits share domains and motifs with other insects, including the V-ATPase-A superfamily domain. Phylogenetic analysis separates D. citri V-ATPase subunits into expected clades with orthologous sequences. Annotation of the D. citri genome is a critical step towards developing directed pest management strategies to reduce the spread of HLB throughout the citrus industry.