The Clinical Utility of the Functional Status Score for the Intensive Care Unit (FSS-ICU) at a Long-Term Acute Care Hospital: A Prospective Cohort Study

Author:

Thrush Aaron1,Rozek Melanie2,Dekerlegand Jennifer L.3

Affiliation:

1. A. Thrush, PT, DPT, Good Shepherd Penn Partners, 1800 Lombard St, Philadelphia, PA 19146 (USA).

2. M. Rozek, PT, DPT, Kittitas Valley Community Hospital, Ellensburg, Washington. At the time of the study, Dr Rozek's affiliation was with Good Shepherd Penn Partners.

3. J.L. Dekerlegand, PT, MPT, Good Shepherd Penn Partners.

Abstract

Background and Purpose Long-term acute care hospitals (LTACHs) have emerged for patients requiring medical care beyond a short stay. Minimal data have been reported on functional outcomes in this setting. The purposes of this study were: (1) to measure the clinical utility of the Functional Status Score for the Intensive Care Unit (FSS-ICU) in an LTACH setting and (2) to explore the association between FSS-ICU score and discharge setting. Participants Data were obtained from 101 patients (median age=70 years, interquartile range [IQR]=61–78; 39% female, 61% male) who were admitted to an LTACH. Participants were categorized into 1 of 5 groups by discharge setting: (1) home (n=14), (2) inpatient rehabilitation facility (n=26), (3) skilled nursing facility (n=23), (4) long-term care/hospice/expired (n=13), or (5) transferred to a short-stay hospital (n=25). Methods Data were prospectively collected from a 38-bed LTACH in the United States over 8 months beginning in September 2010. Functional status was scored using the FSS-ICU within 4 days of admission and every 2 weeks until discharge. The FSS-ICU consists of 5 categories: rolling, supine-to-sit transfers, unsupported sitting, sit-to-stand transfers, and ambulation. Each category was rated from 0 to 7, with a maximum cumulative FSS-ICU score of 35. Results Cumulative FSS-ICU scores significantly improved from a median (IQR) of 9 (3–17) to 14 (5–24) at discharge. Median (IQR) cumulative discharge FSS-ICU scores were significantly different among the discharge categories: home=28 (22–32), inpatient rehabilitation facility=21 (15–24), skilled nursing facility=14 (8–21), long-term care/hospice/expired=5 (0–11), and transfer to a short-stay hospital=4 (0–7). Discussion and Conclusions Patients receiving therapy at an LTACH demonstrate significant improvements from admission to discharge using the FSS-ICU. This outcome tool discriminates among discharge settings and successfully documents functional improvements of patients in an LTACH setting.

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation

Reference15 articles.

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4. Post-ICU mechanical ventilation at 23 long-term acute care hospitals;Scheinhorn;Chest,2007

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