Extracorporeal Shock-Wave Therapy for Supraspinatus Calcifying Tendinitis: A Randomized Clinical Trial Comparing Two Different Energy Levels

Abstract

BackgroundExtracorporeal shock-wave therapy (ESWT) represents a valid intervention in the treatment of people with supraspinatus calcifying tendinitis (SCT), but there is limited evidence for the useful range of ESWT doses.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to compare 2 different ranges of energy flux density in treatment of SCT with ESWT.DesignThis study was designed as a single-blind randomized clinical trial.SettingThis study was performed in a university hospital.PatientsForty-six patients with SCT were randomly assigned to 2 groups that received different therapeutic energy doses of ESWT: (1) group A received ESWT at an energy level of 0.20 mJ/mm2, and (2) group B received ESWT at an energy level of 0.10 mJ/mm2.InterventionThe treatment protocol consisted of 4 sessions performed once a week.MeasurementsThe change in mean Constant Murley Scale (CMS) scores at 3 and 6 months was the primary endpoint. The change in the mean visual analog scale (VAS) scores from baseline to 3 and 6 months after the intervention and radiographic change in size of calcium deposits were evaluated as secondary endpoints. At 12 months, pain relief was assessed using a numeric rating scale.ResultsSignificant clinical improvement based on mean CMS scores was observed after 6 months in group A (X̅=79.43, SD=10.33) compared with group B (X̅=57.91, SD=6.53). Likewise, after 6 months, a significant decrease in VAS scores was found in group A (X̅=2.09, SD=1.54) compared with group B (X̅=5.36, SD=0.78). Calcific deposits disappeared in the same percentage of patients in both groups.LimitationsThe small sample size and lack of a control group were limitations of the study.ConclusionsIn ESWT for SCT, an energy level of 0.20 mJ/mm2 appears to be more effective than an energy level of 0.10 mJ/mm2 in pain relief and functional improvement.