Gambaran Terapi Antiretroviral Pada Orang Dengan HIV/ AIDS di Manokwari, Fak-Fak dan Kota Sorong, Papua Barat

Abstract

Antiretroviral therapy is used to suppress the HIV in People Living with HIV AIDS (PLWHA). This improves the life quality and prevents AIDS’s mortality. Manokwari, Fak-Fak and Sorong had high HIV AIDS cases in West Papua. The study’s aim was to overview the antiretroviral therapy by identifiying the adherence, clinical, and immunological condition of PLWHA in these 3 sites during August to October 2019. This was a cross sectional study. Respondents were 221 PLWHA, who receiving antiretroviral therapy for at least 6 months, male and female aged ≥15 years old. Data collections were through interviews, medical records, measurement and laboratory examinations. The data were processed statistically univariate and bivariate. Majority of respondents from all sites were 15-45 years old, women, married, senior high school-university graduated, employee, Papuan, no tuberculosis, stage 3-4 of HIV at beginning of therapy, normal Body Mass Index (BMI), CD4 + cell ≥350 cells/mm.³ The proportion of respondents with adherence ≥95% in Manokwari and Sorong were higher than in Fak-Fak, but the adherence in all sites were still not optimal yet. Most of respondents had good clinical and immunological conditions. There were relationship between tuberculosis, BMI, stage of HIV at beginning of therapy, and adherence to CD4 + counts after therapy. Keywords: antiretroviral, HIV/AIDS, adherence, clinical condition, CD4 + , West Papua Abstrak Terapi antiretroviral digunakan untuk menekan HIV pada Orang dengan HIV/AIDS (ODHA) karena mampu meningkatkan kualitas hidup dan mencegah kematian karena AIDS. Manokwari, Fak-Fak dan Kota Sorong memiliki kasus HIV AIDS tinggi di Papua Barat. Penelitian ini bertujuan menggambarkan terapi antiretroviral dengan mengidentifikasi kepatuhan pengobatan, kondisi klinis, dan imunologis ODHA di 3 lokasi tersebut pada Agustus sampai Oktober 2019. Desain penelitian adalah potong lintang. Responden sebanyak 221 ODHA dengan kriteria sedang terapi minimal 6 bulan, laki-laki dan perempuan berusia di atas 15 tahun. Data penelitian dikumpulkan dari wawancara, rekam medis, pengukuran dan pemeriksaan laboratorium. Data diolah univariat dan bivariat secara statistik. Hasil analisis menunjukkan mayoritas responden dari semua lokasi penelitian berusia 15-45 tahun, perempuan, menikah, pendidikan SLTA-Pendidikan Tinggi, bekerja, asli Papua, tidak ada tuberkulosis, sakit HIV stadium 3 dan 4 di awal terapi, Indeks Massa Tubuh normal, memiliki CD4 + ≥350 sel/mm³. Proporsi responden dengan tingkat kepatuhan ≥95% di Manokwari dan Sorong lebih tinggi dibandingkan di Fak-Fak, namun kepatuhan terapi di Manokwari, Fak-Fak, dan Kota Sorong masih belum optimal. Kondisi klinis serta imunologis sebagian besar responden relatif baik. Ada hubungan antara sakit TB, Indeks Massa Tubuh, stadium sakit HIV di awal terapi, dan kepatuhan dengan jumlah CD4 + setelah terapi. Kata kunci: antiretroviral, HIV/AIDS, kepatuhan, kondisi klinis, CD4 + , Papua Barat.