Abstract
Background: Silvopastoral systems (SPS) are an option for sustainable livestock production, but although their multiple benefits have been demonstrated, its adoption has been limited. Objective: To identify the barriers to the adoption of SPS, according to the perceptions of producers and the strategies to promote adoption as a tool for sustainable cattle ranching in the Amazonian foothills of the Caquetá province. Methods: Experts on sustainable cattle ranching from public and private organizations implementing projects in the province of Caquetá in this topic were called to contribute in participatory rural appraisal workshops and focus groups. These workshops had also the participation of producers from the municipalities of the south of the province with 3 to 5 years of experience in the establishment of SPS, and producers from the north of the province who were just starting with SPS. Results: The experts recognized 13 practices or alternatives promoted by institutions for sustainable cattle ranching. These alternatives were categorized into pasture management, livestock agroforestry, conservation, and renewable energy. They also identified 21 barriers that limit the adoption of these alternatives, which were grouped into skills and knowledge, social, economic, environmental, and technical and operational barriers. The cattle ranchers’ farmers prioritized and established the advantages and disadvantages of the four main SPS. In response to the barriers to adoption, 22 scaling-up strategies were identified and classified into five categories which contribute to promote adoption of SPS. Conclusions: Organizations that promote sustainable practices for sustainable cattle ranching in the Caquetá foothills and farmers recognize the importance of SPS, but there are still barriers related to knowledge, implementation costs, environmental and cultural conditions that need to be addressed to increase adoption.