Research on Early Warning Technology for Highway Geological Disasters Induced by Precipitation Conditions in Changbai Mountains

Abstract

This study uses 10 types of data, including geological disaster data, precipitation data, elevation data, and vegetation data, to quantify the factors that affect geological disasters, and uses the analytic hierarchy process to analyze each influencing factor, which obtains the weight value of each factor, and conducts risk assessment of geological hazards in the Changbai Mountain area. In addition, it analyzes the data of geological disasters induced by precipitation conditions to obtain the effective precipitation threshold that induces geological disasters. The meteorological early warning levels of geological disasters are divided based on the effective precipitation threshold, and a geological disaster early warning model with precipitation conditions as the inducement is established. The results show that continuous rain is the most important type of rainfall that causes geological disasters in the Changbai Mountains, and what is more likely to cause disasters is heavy rain phenomena that occur during continuous rain. When the rainfall in continuous rain exceeds 30mm, the number of landslides and collapse disasters increases rapidly. When the cumulative rainfall is 30-80mm, landslides and collapse disasters occur in large numbers. As the continuous rainfall increases, the number of landslides and collapses also shows an increasing trend; when the cumulative rainfall reaches 80mm, the curve shows a downward trend.