Abstract
Prostate cancer (CP) is the most common malignancy in men in America, while it is the second most common in Europe. It is responsible for about 10% of cancer deaths in the same population. It is clinically manifested in various forms, from slow-growing to aggressive forms with pronounced metastatic potential. Diagnosis is made by a well-defined algorithm, which begins with the determination of serum prostate specific antigen values and ends with prostate biopsy as the "gold standard". Pathohistological diagnostic criterias are based on architectural, cytoplasmic, nuclear and characteristics of intraluminal structures, as well as periacinar cleftings, which are deffined as helpfull diagnostic criteria of undoubted importance. Prognostic and predictive parameters are classified into three categories. Some of them are an integral part of routine pathohistologicat report, while others are considered as the diagnostic process progresses. Modern knowledge introduces biomarkers into the everyday practice of personalized medicine, especially when is necessary to treat prostate cancer patients.
Publisher
Centre for Evaluation in Education and Science (CEON/CEES)
Reference59 articles.
1. Adami HO, Kuper H, Andersson SO, Bergstrom R, Dillner J: Prostate cancer risk and serologic evidence of himan papilloma virus infection: a population-based case-control study. Cancer Epidem Biomarkers Prev 2003, 12:87-5;
2. AJCC Cancer Staging Manual, Seventh Edition (2010) published by Springer Science and Business Media LLC, www.springerlink.com;
3. Amin M, Boccon-Gibod L, Egevard L, Epstein JI, Humphrey PA, Mikuz G, et al. Prognostic and predictive factors and reporting of prostate carcinoma in prostate needle biopsy specimens. Scand. J Urol Nephrol Suppl. 2005; 216: 20-33;
4. Barth PJ, Weingartner K, Kohler HH, et al. Assessment of vascularization in prostatic carcinoma: a morphometric investigation. Hum Pathol, 1996;27:1306-1310;
5. Bastacky SI, Walsh PC, Epstein JI. Relationship between perineural tumor invasion on needle biopsy and radical prostatectomy capsular penetration in clinical stage B adenocarcinoma of the prostate. Am J Surg Pathol, 1993; 17: 336-341;