Abstract
Introduction: Hypertension significantly increases the risk of heart, brain, and kidney diseases and it is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Serbia belongs to the group of countries with a very high prevalence of hypertension. Aim: Our research aimed to point out the association of cardiovascular risk factors, dyslipidemia, and elevated uric acid and homocysteine values with arterial hypertension. Material and methods: In a prospective study, we included 154 respondents who are being treated for hypertension from 22 to 59 years of age. We divided the respondents into three groups: the first group consisted of patients aged up to 39 years, the second aged from 40 to 49 years, and the third from 50 to 59 years. We have covered the most important risk factors, gender, sedentary behavior, obesity, dyslipidemia, elevated levels of glucose, homocysteine, and uric acid. Results: Out of the total number of respondents, 63.6% were male, while among respondents aged up to 39, the number of men was significantly higher (p > 0.05). The respondents mostly had a sedentary occupation and suffered from obesity (60%). Cigarette smoking habit and diabetes mellitus were significantly more frequent in subjects aged 50-59 (p > 0.05). The values of total cholesterol and LDL-C were significantly higher than the reference levels in all three groups of respondents. HDL-C was significantly lower in patients with arterial hypertension, while the levels of triglyceride did not differ significantly. Homocysteine was within normal limits in younger subjects, whereas in persons aged 50 to 59, hyperhomocysteinemia was confirmed (p > 0.05). The levels of uric acids were not significantly increased. The association of several risk factors was characteristic of all three groups of respondents. Conclusion: Patients with arterial hypertension simultaneously have several other cardiovascular disease risk factors. The combination of hypertension, hyperhomocysteinemia, and dyslipidemia accelerates the process of atherosclerosis, causing ischemic heart disease and premature death.
Publisher
Centre for Evaluation in Education and Science (CEON/CEES)
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