Experimental investigations on Hydrogen supplemented Pinus Sylvestris oil-based diesel engine for performance enhancement and reduction in emissions

Abstract

The paper mainly aims at improving the performance and reduction in exhaust emissions of an indirect injection diesel engine fuelled with alternative and modern biofuel Pinus Sylvestris oil, which is traditionally oxygenated and obtained from the resins of the Pinus Sylvestris tree. Its physical and chemical properties are similar to the regular petro-diesel fuel and can be used without transesterification directly in diesel engines. On the other hand, a lower cetane value hangs its direct use in diesel engines. Hence, the experiment followed a complementary approach to supplementing small dosages of gaseous Hydrogen (GH2), which is highly flammable, colorless, odorless, and plenty available to overcome the demerits nature of emissions. Gaseous Hydrogen was inducted through the inlet manifold and controlled by Timed Manifold Injection (TMI) in 5% to 7% of the total energy with the step of 1%. In addition to GH2 supplementation, preheating the inlet air in the range of 40 0 C to 60 0 C with an increment of 10 0 C was allowed to suck through the same inlet manifold. Supplementation of 6% GH2 and 40 0 C preheated air showed better results than conventional diesel operations without any engine modifications. All required NFPA Class I Division 2 Group B standards in this experiment were considered during the handling and use of gaseous Hydrogen.