The influence of morphological characteristics on wrestlers' preparedness

Abstract

In wrestling, weight categories are defined by rules, so the morphological composition of the body is an important factor in success. The subject of the paper is the morphological parameters of the examinees and the preparedness parameters on the Specific Wrestling Performance Test (SWPT). The aim of the research is to determine the influence of morphological characteristics on physical fitness, and the way of recovery of functional characteristics, as well as their interrelations and regularities. The sample consists of 26 wrestlers aged 20.2 ± 1.7 years, training experience 6.7 ± 3.2 years, number of weekly training 7.8 ± 1.9, body height 178.9 ± 5.6 cm, body weight 82.9 ± 7.4 kg, body mass index 25.9 ± 2.0 kg/m2. From the aspect of morphological characteristics, the percentage of body fat - PBF, the percentage of muscle mass - SMM (InBody 720) were observed; as a parameter of preparedness, the total number of throws on the test was taken - TnThrows; while functional characteristics were defined as the percentage recovery of pulse frequency from the end of the test to the 1st and 3rd minute - DHR1min and DHR3min. Correlation statistics and linear regression analysis were used to determine the relations. Defined analyzes did not show a significant correlation between SMM and any other monitored variable, while PBF showed a highly statistically significant correlation with TnThrows (r = -0.608, p = 0.001), and a significant correlation with DHR3min (r = -0.429; p = 0.029 ). Significant correlations were also determined between TnThrows and functional recovery characteristics (DHR1min, r = 0.522, p = 0.006; DHR3min, r = 0.454, p = 0.020). In the homogeneous groups, such as actively trained wrestlers, the percentage of muscle component is uniform, while training is significantly different, which partially affects the different representation of fat component, and all this definitely affects the success and recovery of wrestlers.