Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo: From guidelines to everyday clinical practice

Abstract

BPPV is characterized by short periodic episodes of vertigo caused by changes in head position and abnormal stimulation of the cupula of one of the three semicircular canals in the inner ear, most commonly, the posterior. It represents the vertigo that is most often encountered in clinical practice. This narrative review aimed to indicate the latest guidelines and to provide an overview of the most important information related to the timely diagnosis and treatment of patients with this form of vertigo. We discussed the etiology and pathophysiology of the disease, the clinical picture, the paths of making the correct diagnosis, and the most effective types of treatment. A brief overview of the results of the research conducted in our country on the familiarity of clinicians with the guidelines and their application is also given. To avoid late diagnosis, delay in treatment, and additional costs of diagnostic procedures and examinations, it is necessary to formulate a strategy at the national level and constantly educate medical students, general practitioners, as well as doctors of other specialties about this disorder and its treatment methods.