An architectural reserve as a heritage preservation structure: The example of Stara Planina villages

Abstract

This paper analyses the conditions and possibilities with regard to preserving vernacular architecture in the area of Stara Planina Mountain, Serbia. The field research, conducted from 2003 to 2015, recorded and documented architectural heritage in the villages on the western slopes of Stara Planina Mountain. The areas of Gornji Visok and Zabrdje on the slopes of Vidlič were primarily explored. Considering that the valuable architectural heritage in this area is in a state of alarming threat, and disappearing at high speed, the article discusses the possibilities with regard to its preservation through the formation of an architectural reserve, as a spatially defined and functionally unique place based on a synthesis of created and natural heritage. The reserve's structure would consist of architectural cores that are entire villages, or isolated localities with authentic houses of vernacular architecture. The architectural cores would be interconnected by road infrastructure, forming a specific architectural route. The constituent elements of the reserve would also include natural heritage, and geomorphological, geological, hydrological and hydrogeological features. The formation of the architectural reserve also aims to utilise built and natural structures, educate inhabitants and visitors, and develop tourism. In that way, the potential for financing the preservation of the unique architectural heritage of Stara Planina could be initiated.