Ischaemic stroke associated with pulmonary arteriovenous malformation

Abstract

Pulmonary arteriovenous malformation (PAVM) is considered a rare cause of ischaemic stroke in young patients. In this article, we present a case series of 5 patients with PAVM-associated ischaemic stroke. We discuss pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic approaches, and secondary prevention. In addition, two of the aforementioned cases are provided in detail: the one of 32-year-old female with ischaemic stroke associated with sporadic PAVM, the latter being treated with embolization, and the one of 24-year-old male with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) who developed PAVM-associated ischaemic stroke, who was treated with intravenous thrombolytic therapy and mechanical thrombectomy on admission, followed by video-assisted thoracoscopic PAVM resection.