An experimental study on the application of “blue” (λ = 450 nm) laser light to remove pigmented skin formations

Abstract

Objective. Pigment benign skin formations, including pigment spots, nevi and congenital giant pigment nevi (CGPN) are pathological skin formations located in its various layers, consisting of a cluster of melanocytes – cells containing the pigment melanin. CGPN are a special psychological and medical problem associated with extensive unaesthetic changes in the skin and with changed appearance of the patient Currently, there are numerous methods for treating pigmented skin formations, including CGPN. But all them are often ineffective and lead to unsatisfactory clinical and aesthetic results, while the incidence of complications sometimes reaches 41 % of cases in the form of scarring and recurrences. In this regard, the problem of effective and correct treatment of them continues to be relevant and requires further research in this direction.Purpose. To experimentally substantiate the effectiveness of application of laser light with wavelength λ = 450 nm for improving outcomes of treatment of pigmented skin formations, including CGPN, in children.Materials and methods. In the present trial, the researchers used laser light of “blue” spectral range (λ = 450 nm) with the absorption peak close to melanin, hemoglobin and oxyhemoglobin. Such light is generated by diode laser «Lasermed 10-03», developed for medical purposes by Russian Engineering Club LLC, Tula, Russian Federation. An experimental biomedical study was performed in vitro on cooled samples of mini-pig liver and muscles and in vivo on the pigmented skin of a live laboratory rat with the assessment of morphometric parameters and dynamics of the regenerative wound process at the irradiated zones.Results. The results of the performed experimental study promoted the development of optimal modes of “blue” (λ = 450 nm) laser irradiation for the precise removal of various pigmented skin formations.Conclusion. Laser light with wavelength 450 nm is a promising technique for the effective treatment of pigmented skin formations, among others CGPN, in pediatric patients as well