A Literature Review and Case Report Highlighting Pulmonary Artery Pseudoaneurysms Secondary to Uterine Leiomyosarcoma

Abstract

Pulmonary artery pseudoaneurysm (PAP) is a rare presentation of metastatic neoplasm. The mechanism of formation of PAP is thought to be due to tumor embolus penetration of the vessel wall and the formation of saccular dilation that is more prone to rupture than systemic arterial aneurysms. The leading cause of PAP is infection, and PAP related to neoplasm has rarely been reported. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial as mortality associated with PAP rupture has been reported from 50-100%. CT pulmonary angiogram is the best approach for diagnosing PAP. Once the diagnosis is confirmed treatment depends on the etiology and clinical condition of the patient, but the favored first-line treatment is endovascular therapy.