Comparison of thirty-year survival in the populations of Russia and the United States of America

Abstract

Aim. To compare survival at a 30-year follow-up in the populations of Russia and USA.Material and methods. From the Russian studies of 1975-1982, 14728 men and 6140 women aged 18-71 years were included, with follow-up until 2017 (501016 person-years of follow-up). In addition, 2265 men and 2345 women aged 18-71 years from the US population (The Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) were compared with survey data in 1988-1994, with mortality follow-up until 2019 (115523 person-years of follow-up). Kaplan-Meier curves were created in groups of men and women aged 18-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-59, 60-71 years old. All-cause death was taken into account as an outcome. We analyzed the prevalence of a number of cardiovascular risk factors.Results. Comparison of Kaplan-Meier curves in Russia and USA shows significant differences in all five age groups of men; in Russia the prognosis was worse (p=0,000). In women, significant differences of the same direction appear only at the age of ≥60 years (p=0,003). Comparison of the prevalence of risk factors showed that in Russia hypertension occurs several times more often than in the United States, while the differences are significant in all age groups of men and women.Conclusion. At a 30-year follow-up, the prognosis for Russia is worse compared to the United States for all age groups of men and for women >60 years of age.