Design of a Wideband CPW Fed Fractal Antenna for Satellite Communication

Abstract

A novel ‘T’ square wideband fractal antenna is proposed for satellite communication. The Wideband is achieved through the ‘T’ square fractal design and CPW feed. At first, a conventional square-shaped patch antenna is designed. Then the square-shaped patch is replaced by a Type-I fractal to achieve wideband. Finally, a Type-II fractal with an L-Shaped boundary is used to enhance the bandwidth to a greater extent. The gain of the proposed antenna ranges from 4 dB to 6.3 dB for the entire frequency range of 6.2 GHz to 14 GHz. The radiation efficiency of the antenna is noticed up to 84%. The fractal antenna resonates well throughout the entire frequency range with a VSWR of less than 2. The antenna having such a wide band characteristic can be found suitable for a wide range of applications like earth exploration satellites, fixed satellites, radiolocation, maritime radio navigation, and aeronautical radio navigation. A metal reflector is also introduced at the bottom of the antenna to produce a unidirectional radiation pattern. This increases the gain up to 9.8 dBi and a front-to-back ratio is noticed above 20 dB. The design is fabricated and the measurement results are found to be in good agreement with the simulation results.