In Support of Clinical Case Reports: A System of Causality Assessment

Author:

Kiene Helmut1,Hamre Harald J.1,Kienle Gunver S.1

Affiliation:

1. Institute for Applied Epistemology and Medical Methodology at the University of Witten/Herdecke, Germany.

Abstract

The usefulness of clinical research depends on an assessment of causality. This assessment determines what constitutes clinical evidence. Case reports are an example of evidence that is frequently overlooked because it is believed they cannot address causal links between treatment and outcomes. This may be a mistake. Clarity on the topic of causality and its assessment will be of benefit for researchers and clinicians. This article outlines an overall system of causality and causality assessment. The system proposed involves two dimensions: horizontal and vertical; each of these dimensions consists of three different types of causality and three corresponding types of causality assessment. Included in this system are diverse forms of case causality illustrated with examples from everyday life and clinical medicine. Assessing case causality can complement conventional clinical research in an era of personalized medicine.

Publisher

SAGE Publications

Subject

General Medicine

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