The characteristics and risk factors of breast cancer patients trend distinctive regional differences: a cross-sectional study

Abstract

Objective: To determine the characteristics and risk factors of breast cancer patients in a tertiary care setting. Method: The retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted at the Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation, Karachi, and comprised data of all patients diagnosed with breast cancer from March 2017 to December 2021. Demographic characteristics, clinical presentation, stage of the disease and histopathological characteristics were noted. Data related too all the variables was not available in all cases. Data was analysed using SPSS 23. Results: Of the 690 patients, 683(99%) were females and 7(1%) were males. The mean age at presentation was 49.3±13.5 years, while the mean duration of symptoms was 10.24±17.64) months. Most of the females were married 642(93%) and multiparous 484(70.9%), while 293(42.5%) had breastfed their children for >1 year, and 412(59.7%) had no history of contraception use. The most common stage at presentation was stage II (48.6%), and most patients had grade II 395(57.2%) invasive ductal carcinoma, with Luminal A molecular subtype noted in 287(41.6%) cases. Conclusion: The characteristics of breast cancer in the sample had certain distinctions compared to other populations. It is important to integrate all datasets and develop guidelines appropriate to Pakistani population. Key Words: Breast cancer, Risk factor, Clinical audits, Disease attribute, Medical oncology, Carcinoma.