Toll-like receptor 4 and cytotoxic T cells CD8+ are prognostic markers in type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Objective: To determine the correlation between toll-like receptor 4 and cytotoxic T cells in patients with type-1diabetes mellitus.Method: The cross-sectional, case control study was conducted at Al-Manatharah Hospital in the Al-Najaf province ofIraq from June 2021 to December 2021, and comprised patients of either gender aged 20-69 years having type-1diabetes mellitus in group A, and healthy subjects in control group B. From all the subjects, 4ml blood was collectedby vein puncture. Fasting blood glucose and lipid profile were estimated using a precipitant kit. Also measured weretoll-like receptor 4 and cytotoxic T cell levels using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Data was also notedon age, gender and body mass index. Data was analysed using SPSS version 23Results: Of the 100 subjects, 60(60%) were cases; 30(50%) males and as many females with mean age 59.21±18.092years. The remaining 40(40%) were controls; 20(50%) males and as many females with mean age 42.076±11.019 years.BMI values were not significantly different between the groups (p>0.05), and all lipid profile values were significantlyhigher in group A compared to group B (p<0.05) except high-density lipoprotein which was higher in group Bcompared to group A (p<0.05). Group A patients had significantly higher levels of toll-like receptor 4 and cytotoxicT cell than group B subjects (p<0.05).Conclusion: A significant relationship was found between type-1 diabetes and higher levels of toll-like receptor 4 andcytotoxic T cells.Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, Toll-like receptor 4, Cytotoxic T cells, CD8.