1. Bancel, Nicolas , Pascal Blanchard , and Dominic Thomas , eds. 2017. The Colonial Legacy in France: Fracture, Rupture, and Apartheid . Translated by Alexis Pernsteiner . Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
2. Bernabé, Jean , Patrick Chamoiseau , and Raphaël Confiant . 1993. Éloge de la créolité . Paris: Gallimard.
3. Bourdin, Georges . 2012. History of St. Barthélemy . 1978. Reprint, Morrisville, NC: Lulu Press.
4. Buck-Morss, Susan . 2009. Hegel, Haiti, and Universal History . Pittsburgh: Pittsburgh University Press.
5. Ceśaire, Aimé. 1950. Discours sur le colonialisme . Paris: Éditions Rećlame. ( Discourse on Colonialism. Translated by Joan Pinkham. New York: Monthly Review Press, 1972.)