Histological significance of various types of adipose tissue (literature review)

Abstract

The article presents the most significant modern aspects in the study of morphofunctional properties of various types of adipose tissue currently known (white, brown, beige). The purpose of the work is to generalize and expand knowledge about morphofunctional features in the structure and origin of each type. Material and methods: The analysis of data taken from 50 literary sources and the most popular scientific citation search engines of the Russian and foreign platforms (RSCI, PubMed, Web of Science) was carried out. Results: Studies of adipose tissue are mainly devoted to the development of metabolic syndrome, adaptation of the body to low temperature, physical exertion, regulation of thermogenesis. However, the role of each type of adipose tissue and the study of its morphofunctional changes in tissue repair require a special research approach. Conclusion: The study of secreted adiponectins as growth factors opens up new links in the regeneration and regulation of the activity of epithelial stem cells, the rate of progression of the hair growth cycle, wound regeneration and in the regulation of hematopoiesis. The study of various types of adipose tissue is a promising direction that allows us to further deepen knowledge about the pathophysiological mechanisms of metabolic syndrome.