THE STUDY OF PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS OF THE BERRIES OF THREE SPECIES OF PLANTS OF THE GENUS VACCINIUM, GROWING IN THE KHANTY-MANSI AUTONOMOUS AREA

Abstract

The chemical composition of polyphenolic compounds of cranberry fruits (Vaccinium oxycoccus L.), blueberries (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) and lingonberries (Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.), growing in the Surgut region of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug – Ugra, was first studied. Fresh berries were extracted five times with an 80% aqueous-alcoholic mixture at room temperature. The obtained extracts were combined, filtered, and the solvent from the filtrate was distilled off under vacuum on a rotary evaporator. The composition of the obtained extracts by HPLC identified 15 glycosides of anthocyanidins, as well as 30 phenolic compounds related to hydroxybenzoic and hydroxycinnamic acids, flavonols, catechins and procyanidins. The phenolic compounds were identified in accordance with the retention times and absorption spectra of the corresponding analytical standards. The main phenolic compound of cranberry berry extract is chlorogenic acid. The increase in the polyphenol content in the series was established: cranberries–lingonberries– blueberries. Our data on the whole in terms of the content of polyphenols and antioxidant activity are comparable with the results of a study of cranberries and blueberries from the Alaska region, not significantly differing in the content of anthocyanins and individual flavones. Significant differences in phenolic components are revealed when comparing our data with data on cranberries and cranberries from the regions of northern and eastern Europe (Poland, Belarus, Norway). The quantitative differences found for individual polyphenols are likely to be related to geographic and local environmental conditions. The high content of polyphenols in the berries we studied suggests the possibility of using them as pharmaceutical raw materials.