STUDYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF ESSENTIAL OIL RECEIVED FROM FRUITS OF PRANGOS ODON-TALGICA WILD-GROWING IN ASTRAKHAN REGION

Abstract

The chemical composition of Prangos odontalgica (Pall.) Herrnst. et. Heyn essential oil, which grows wild in the Astrakhan region, has not been practically studied, unlike other species of the genus Prangos, growing in Iran, Turkey and Uzbekistan. To obtain the essential oil, all parts of the plant (roots, stems, flowers, leaves, fruits) are used, as well as various methods of isolation (hydrodistillation, supercritical fluid extraction, solid-phase microextraction, and others). Essential oil from the fruit of Prangos odontalgica we obtained by the method of hydrodistillation. The duration of the hydrodistillation process, established experimentally on the basis of a study of the dynamics of change in the yield of essential oil over time, was 3 hours. The yield of essential oil in mass% by volume in terms of absolutely dry raw materials according to the results of a threefold determination is 0.07 ± 0.01%. The method of gas-liquid chromatography carried out a quantitative analysis of the main components of the essential oil Prangos odontalgica. The quantitative content of the components of the essential oil was calculated by the areas of gas chromatographic peaks without the use of correction factors. Qualitative analysis was performed by comparing linear retention indices. In the Prangos odontalgica essential oil, 38 substances were identified (88.4%). It contains sesquiterpenes (31.48%), terpenoids (19.2%), hydrocarbons (15.39%), carboxylic acids and their esters (10.86%), alcohols, phenols (8.84%). Among sesquiterpenes, the predominant components are γ-elemen (9.84%), bisabolol (9.41%), and among terpenoids – trans-nerolidol (3.90%) and linalyl isobutyrate (3.41%).