CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF ASTRAGALUS PROPINQUUS (LEGUMINOSAE) ROOTS ORIGINATED FROM BURYATIA

Abstract

Present work is aimed to the study of the chemical composition of Astragalus propinquus (Leguminosae) roots growing in the Buryatia Republic. The chemical study of A. propinquus showed that the content of phenolic compounds varied within 9.20–33.89 mg/g, triterpenes 9.69–36.55 mg/g, water-soluble polysaccharides 9.79–30.58 mg/g, free carbohydrates 63.37–252.54 mg/g, and free amino acids 25.79–149.37 mg/g. Chromatographic analysis of A. propinquus flavonoids revealed the presence of 18 compounds, including derivatives of odoratin, calycosin, formononetin, isomucronulatol, and astrapterocarpan in the form of aglycones, glycosides, and acyl glycosides, including, for the first time for the species, some calycosin glycosides. Study of the seasonal dynamics of the accumulation of the studied compounds groups showed that the plant material traditionally recommended for mass harvesting have the lowest content of almost all groups of components, except for polysaccharides (26.55 mg/g); in the budding phase, accumulation of free amino acids (78.66 mg/g) is observed, in the flowering phase free carbohydrates (263.91 mg/g), in the fruiting phase triterpenes (28.44 mg/g) and phenolic compounds (15.26 mg/g). The conducted studies have shown that the roots of A. propinquus from Eastern Siberia are characterized by a high content of bioactive compounds and can be used as a medicinal raw material.