STUDY OF LIPIDS AND PHENOL COMPOUNDS OF MELILOTUS OFFICINALIS (L.) PALL, GROWING IN UZBEKISTAN

Abstract

Lipids and phenolic compounds of seeds with an admixture of the leaf mass of Melilotus officinalis (L.) Pall, Fabaceae family, have been studied. It was found that the content of neutral lipids (NL) in seeds is 2.93%, polar lipids (PL) – 3.15%. triacylglycerides and free fatty acids (LC) dominate in NL, which are accompanied by hydrocarbons, carotenoids, esters of phytosterols with LC, triterpenols, phytosterols and modified chlorophylls. Phytosterols were the main component of unsaponifiable substances isolated from NL, and hydrocarbons, carotenoids, phytosterols, aliphatic alcohols and triterpenols were also found. Glycolipids (GL), consisting of esters of sterylglycosides, sterylglycosides, monohalactosyl- and digalactosyldiglycerides, predominate in PL. Phospholipids (FL) include phosphatidylethanolamines, phosphatidylcholines, and phosphatidylinosites. Twelve components were identified in the composition of fatty acids (LC) of NL, in GL and FL – 13 components with a significant predominance of saturated fatty acids (52.95–85.73%), mainly palmitic 16:0. A feature of fatty acids of NL is the high (16.67%) content of lauric 12:0 acid, which is also present in GL (3.87%), and in FL (1.62%). Three individual phenolic compounds were isolated from various fractions of the 75% alcohol extract of the aboveground part, which, based on the study of spectral data, were identified with p-hydroxybenzoic, p-hydroxycoric acids and androsin.