Affiliation:
1. Belarusian State Medical University
Abstract
Establishing gender, age and constitutional features of the structure of the human heart and the vessels extending from it is necessary for an adequate assessment of the results of instrumental studies of the cardiovascular system, as well as for the development of prophylactic measures aimed at preventing heart diseases. The aim of the study was to establish the morphometric features of the heart and initial segments of the aorta and pulmonary trunk in people of different sex, age and body type. Material and methods. Retrospectively, using computed tomography, morphometric features of the heart, valves, and initial segments of the aorta and pulmonary trunk were studied in 80 patients (46 women and 34 men). Non-parametric methods of descriptive statistics were applied. To establish the significance of differences, the Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney tests were used. Correlational relationships between the features were calculated using the Spearman's rank correlation method. Results. The study found that the linear dimensions of the heart and the areas of the semilunar cusps of the aortic valve and pulmonary trunk in men are statistically significantly larger than in women. With age, the vertical size of the heart decreases, and the angle of inclination of the pulmonary trunk in the sagittal plane increases. The anteroposterior dimension of the heart, the length of the aortic ring, and the area of the posterior semilunar cusp increase in individuals from the early mature period to the elderly period. Hypersthenics have a significantly larger angle of inclination of the pulmonary trunk in the sagittal plane and anteroposterior and transverse dimensions of the heart compared to normo- and hyposthenics. Hyposthenics have a larger vertical dimension of the heart compared to normo- and hypersthenics. Conclusion. A database has been created containing information on the morphometric parameters of the heart, the area of the semilunar cusps of the aortic and pulmonary trunk valves, and the features of the topography of the aorta and pulmonary trunk in people of different sexes, ages, and body types.
Reference10 articles.
1. Zhuravleva L. A. Vozrastnaya periodizatsiya kak predmet sotsiologicheskogo analiza. Nauka, obrazovanie, kul'tura : Mezhvuzovskii sbornik nauchnykh statei po materialam ezhegodnykh Vserossiiskikh Tselishchevskikh chtenii. Posvyashchaetsya pamyati Zasluzhennogo rabotnika Vysshei shkoly Rossiiskoi Federatsii, doktora filosofskikh nauk, professora Nikolaya Nikolaevicha Tselishcheva, Ekaterinburg, 15 fevralya 2023 goda. Tom Vypusk 5. – Ekaterinburg: Ural'skii gosudarstvennyi agrarnyi universitet, 2023; 65-68. (In Russ.).
2. Ivanov VA. Morphometric Characteristics of the Structure of the Valves of the Heart, Aorta and Pulmonary Trunk of an Adult in the Age and Sex Aspects Odnoralovskie morfologicheskie chteniya: Materialy Vserossiiskoi nauchnoi konferentsii s mezhdunarodnym uchastiem. Voronezh. 2021;70–4 (In Russ.).
3. Komarov RN, Katkov AI, Puzenko DP, Odinokova SN, Nikolenko VN. Aortic root and aortic valve surgery: History and modernity. Circulation Pathology and Cardiac Surgery. 2019 Dec 27;23(4):9–25 (In Russ.). doi: 10.21688/1681-3472-2019-4-9-25
4. Blanke P, Weir-McCall JR, Achenbach S, Delgado V, Hausleiter J, Jilaihawi H, et al. Computed Tomography Imaging in the Context of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation (TAVI)/Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR). JACC: Cardiovascular Imaging. 2019 Jan;12(1):1–24. doi: 10.1016/j.jcmg.2018.12.003
5. De Paulis R, Salica A. Surgical anatomy of the aortic valve and root—implications for valve repair. Annals of Cardiothoracic Surgery. 2019 May;8(3):313–21. doi: 10.21037/acs.2019.04.16