Morphometric parameters of the thoracic diaphragm in diverse body constructions

Abstract

   The study of morphometric parameters of the thoracic diaphragm in diverse body constructions is of applied relevance in thoracic and abdominal surgery.   The aim of the study was to investigate regional morphometric parameters of the thoracic diaphragm in diverse body constructions.   Material and methods. The study involved 40 specially embalmed corpses (with preserved tissue elasticity), aged 35-75 when dying. To assess the morphometric parameters of the diaphragm, there was tailor-made an organocomplex represented by the abdominal cavity covered by an intact diaphragm. Longitudinal, transverse dimensions, the area of the diaphragm and its parts were investigated.   Results. The analysed morphometric features allowed specifying that in extreme body constructions, there were considerable statistically significant differences in the morphometric parameters of the diaphragm and its parts. It was established that the largest area of the diaphragm, central tendon, costal part and its pericardial surface were observed in people with a brachymorphic body construction; the highest statistical significance was observed between extreme body constructions. The ratio of the tendon part to the total area was also the largest in the brachymorphic form, and the smallest in the dolichomorphic form. There were specific morphometric parameters typical of all types of body constructions: the ratio of the muscular and tendon parts of the diaphragm, the depth of the pleural sinuses, and the areas of the weak points of the diaphragm. The largest linear dimensions of all parts of the diaphragm were recorded in individuals with a brachymorphic body construction. On the contrary, people with dolichomorphic body type had the lowest values. However, the diaphragm domes were the highest in individuals with a dolichomorphic form, and the shortest in those with a brachymorphic form.   Conclusion. The study of the morphometric parameters of the thoracic diaphragm allowed recording the major linear dimensions and areas of definite parts specific for all body constructions. The results obtained can be introduced into clinical practice to plan surgical interventions on the upper floor of the peritoneal cavity, including diaphragmatic peritonectomy.