Application of artificial intelligence-based dual source CT scanning in the differentiation of lung adenocarcinoma in situ and minimally invasive adenocarcinoma

Abstract

Background and Objective: Lung adenocarcinoma is the most common type of lung cancer with highly incidence and mortality. Due to the overlap of morphological features, it is difficult to distinguish clinically between preinvasive lesions (in situ adenocarcinoma, AIS) and invasive lesions (minimally invasive adenocarcinoma, MIA), which appear as ground glass cloudy nodules. This study was performed to probe the application value of artificial intelligence (AI)-based dual source CT scanning in the differentiation of AIS as well as MIA. Methods: The clinical data of 136 patients in Shanghai Baoshan Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine from January 2019 to January 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. The accuracy of AI in distinguishing lung AIS (n=76) and MIA (n=60) were analyzed. The effectiveness of AI in detecting nodules and its diagnostic efficacy for AIS and MIA were explored. Results: The proportion of patients with clear and regular lesion boundaries in AIS was higher than that in MIA. The mean lesion diameter of AIS patients was shorter than MIA patients. There was no difference in the CT value between AIS and MIA in the ground glass nodule density area of pure ground glass nodule and mixed ground glass nodule, but the CT value of the solid nodule density area in AIS was lower. The occurrence of pulmonary vascular abnormality, air bronchogram sign, and pleural depression in AIS patients were lower than MIA patients. The detection rate of AI for lung adenocarcinoma with nodule diameter ≤ 5 mm, complete solid nodules and ground glass nodules was significantly higher than radiologists. The sensitivity, specificity, positive prediction rate, negative prediction rate and accuracy of AI detection were significantly higher than radiologists. Conclusion: AI-based dual source CT scanning can clearly show the morphological characteristics of lung adenocarcinoma, which is helpful for the differential diagnosis of lung AIS as well as MIA. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.3.8454 How to cite this: Liu L, Ni Z, Zhang J, Zhao J, Shen J. Application of artificial intelligence-based dual source CT scanning in the differentiation of lung adenocarcinoma in situ and minimally invasive adenocarcinoma. Pak J Med Sci. 2024;40(3):271-276.  doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.40.3.8454 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.