IMPROVEMENT OF THE SYSTEM OF SOCIAL AND HYGIENIC MONITORING OF TERRITORIES OF LARGE CITIES

Abstract

Analysis of the air pollution in large cities with heavy traffic allowed to establish a presence of heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the air. By investigations there were established quantitative characteristics of the relations in the system “air pollution road by transport emissions - the morbidity rate in the children population”. Products of the deterioration of the road system and the exhaust gases were established to determine from 58 to 81% of diseases in children living in the zone of the exposure to roads with heavy traffic (more than 3,000 of cars/hour). From 16 to 23% of the diseases are caused by products of the deterioration of the road network, including 8 to 12% of heavy metal compounds. The assessment of air pollution in large cities by exhaust gases and products of wear and tear of the road transport sector is currently insufficient. Information should be taken into account in the organization of social-hygienic monitoring, medical care and assessment of health risk. There is the necessity of perfection of the system of socially-hygienic monitoring on the territories of cities through the organization of control of air pollution by metal compounds and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.