HYGIENIC SUBSTANTIATION OF THE SAFETY OPERATION OF THE ENTERPRISE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF POLYVINYL CHLORIDE

Abstract

The purpose of the study is to provide toxicological-hygienic assessment of components the production of polyvinyl chloride, substantiate safe levels of chemicals in air of the working area and preventive measures on optimization conditions both of work and residence of the population. Material and methods. The object of the study was the complex of production of polyvinyl chloride (PVC). The program of research included the study of the technological process; evaluation of the toxicity and dangers of new chemicals; the characteristic of sources of air emissions; health risk assessment of the population; justification of the size sanitary-protective zone. Results. The enterprise for the production of PVC can be potential source of the environmental pollution, with the priority to pollution of the atmosphere and working area air. The main organized emission sources of the chemicals are departments for the production of chlorine, vinyl chloride monomer, polyvinyl chloride and flare units. New components of production are ntioxidant IRGASTAB PVC76 and plasticizer Plastomoll DOA on physic-chemical and toxic characteristics fail to pose a risk of acute and chronic poisoning by inhalation routes of exposure, the parameters of acute toxicity refer to the 4th class of danger and seem to be low-hazard substances. Antioxidant IRGASTAB PVC 76 under repeated applications leads to mild irritation of the skin, characterized by a slightly pronounced cumulative properties, in contact with a high likelihood of sensitization of the organism; the introduction inhibits the activity of cytochrome P-450-dependent that may result in the violation of the detoxifying function of the liver. Antioxidant IRGASTAB PVC 76 under repeated applications leads to a slight irritation of the skin, characterized by mild cumulative properties, contact likely to develop sensitization of the organism; upon administration inhibits the activity of cytochrome P-450-dependent MOG that might lead to a violation of the detoxifying liver function. Emissions to the atmosphere can contain up to 50 polluting chemicals. The main contribution to emissions comprises substances of the 3 and 4 hazard class, it is related with extremely dangerous and highly dangerous chemicals up to 32% of the total list of toxic substances. Indices of non-cancer risk with or without accounting background are at an acceptable level, the probability of the carcinogenic risk is small. There is a possibility risk of developing obsessive smell of nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, chlorethene and chloroform.