MEDICAL AND GEOGRAPHICAL ASPECTS OF MONITORING OF POPULATION MORBIDITY

Abstract

AnnotIntroduction. The study was carried out with the use of geographic approaches. It provides an integral characteristic and assessment of the population morbidity in Kazakhstan, including ecologically determined pathologies. Material and methods. The basis of the work is the data of medical and demographical statistics of the adult and children population for the period from 2000 to 2016 in the context of administrative regions and districts of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Mathematical-cartographic modeling of population health indices was carried out using geo-information technologies and evaluation mapping. Results. Medico-geographical zoning of the territory of Kazakhstan on the basis of calculated integral indices allowed to distinguish five groups of regions by incidence rates: from very high (Mangistau, Kyzylorda, the East Kazakhstan region) to very low (the Atyrau region). Spatial and temporal analysis of the morbidity rate showed that Pavlodar and North Kazakhstan regions are distinguished in terms of the prevalence of ecologically caused pathologies and districts with unfavorable situations. Respiratory diseases (40-60%) are the most common environmental pathologies in Kazakhstan among all age groups. For the last 15 years most of the respiratory diseases are registered in the Pavlodar region and they show a positive trend in both adults and children. Conclusion. The medico-ecological situation in the regions of Kazakhstan has regional differences, but in most cases, there is a tendency to an increase in overall morbidity, prevalence of ecologically caused pathologies and especially respiratory diseases, which can serve as an index of the environment state. Further studies should be directed to in-depth investigations in ecologically unfavorable regions and the development of the Medical-Geographical Atlas of the Republic of Kazakhstan.aciya