THE IMPACT OF ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS OF AN INDUSTRIAL CITY ON THE FORMATION OF A DERMATOLOGICAL MORBIDITY OF CHILDREN

Abstract

Introduction. High anthropogenic load in the industrialized regions poses a threat to the health of children. Atopic dermatitis (AD) takes one of the leading places in the overall structure of allergic diseases. The purpose of the study was to substantiate preventive measures aimed at reducing the incidence of atopic dermatitis among children living in the territory of the industrially developed region and to evaluate their effectiveness. Material and methods. the analysis of the state of the environment and the incidence of allergodermatosis in children residing in the Mytishchi district of the Moscow region. Two groups of patients aged from 14 to 17 years (70) were selected to develop measures for the prevention of atopic dermatitis. The first group received intravenous laser irradiation of blood (ILRB) and traditional therapy, the second - only traditional treatment. Laboratory studies included indices of immune and antioxidant status. Results. The unfavorable trend in the prevalence of allergic skin diseases in children is presented: allergic dermatoses make up 44.5% (AD - 36.8%, eczema - 7.7%). The increase in severe and moderate forms of AD by 7% and 15% was noted. In this region statistically significant correlations between indices of the air pollution, drinking water, technogenic loading and level of the morbidity rate of skin, including (AD)(r=0,73-0,84) are revealed. Application of the ILRB in children with atopic dermatitis had a positive impact on the state of cellular immunity: the number of CD3+and CD8+ lymphocytes increased by 1.2-1.4 times, the level of IL-10 and IL-4 decreased by 1.5 times; humoral immunity (the number of patients with a positive effect on indices of IgA, IgM, IgE, CIC, was more than 80%); antioxidant status (MDA decreased by 1.3 times, the activity of serum catalase increased by 1.2 times). In general, there was an improvement in the clinical course of the skin damage process, an increase in terms of remission. During the six-month following-up of patients included in the study, in the ILRB group, only 20% had an exacerbation of the disease compared to 68% of the group receiving traditional treatment.