Genetic components of characters related to yield in pepper guajillo: method II of Griffing

Abstract

The Capsium genus comprises one of the most economically important and gastronomic plant groups in the world. In Mexico, C. annuum one of the five species was domesticated. Guajillo chili belongs to this species; whose main use is dry. In this type of chili, little is known about its genetic parameters. The objective was to identify populations with better plant characteristics and high yield in order to obtain information on his heterotic patterns. For this study, nine populations of Guajillo chili from different entities of Mexico were used, which by means of a partial dialectic design, originated 36 crosses. The analysis of variance showed highly significant effects (P ≤ 0.001) in the general combining ability (GCA) in the parents, as well as for the specific combining ability (SCA) in their crosses mainly in the performance variables. In the variable number of fruit per plant (NFP), a higher GCA was observed, as well as in the cross P1 x P9 that showed higher value of heterosis and heterobeltiosis. The fresh fruit yield, the positive heterotic value, was observed in the crosses P2 x P5, P3 x P4, P3 x P5, P4 x P9 and P7 x P9. While the yield of dried fruit showed the positive and highly significant heterotic and heterobeltiosis value, at the P1 x P9 and P2 x P6 crosses. While the cross P3 x P9 only shows a significant positive value of heterosis.