Antimicrobial Spectrum, Growth/ killing kinetics, Conventional/Molecular assay and Ultraviolet Spectrophotometer Signatures of Characterizing Shigella Flexneri and Enterococcus Faecalis and Isolated from Swine House isolates

Abstract

The objective of the study was to access microbial load and microorganism found in swine house depending on the sample site and to compare between the conventional and molecular methods (MEGA 6a rDNA sequencing) of characterization of swine house isolates. The antimicrobial spectrum, growth/ killing kinetics of the isolates using Ultraviolet spectrophotometer signatures were also evaluated. The sample were taken at the pig house from the wall [w] and at a distance of 2km and body[B] and floor[F] using sterile swap stick. The sample underwent serial dilution and a pure isolate was sub-cultured using nutrient agar and also biochemical test was conducted as a preliminary test. From the preliminary test, the following organism were identified, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Bacillus spp Bacillus anthracis, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Clostridium sp. In addition the samples were tested for antibiotics susceptibility test (Amtibiogram) using Kirby-bauer antibiotic susceptibility disc. All isolates were found to be susceptible to Ciprofloxacin, Levofloxacin, Gentamycin, Rifampicin, Streptomycin, Erythromycin and Amoxyl. Isolates were resistant to Norflaxacin, Chloramphenicol and Ampiclox. Molecular sequencing were performed on three isolates for a confirmatory test. It was observed that Shigella flexneri and Enterococcus faecalis. Growth rate and death rate / killing time of isolates using ultraviolet spectrophotometer from the swine house were measured. It was observed, At, wavelength 480λ. Bacillus spp has the highest growth rate of 0.525λ and Bacillus subtilis have the lowest growth rate of 0.001λ. At 84th hour, bacillus spp has the lowest death rate of 0.307 λ and Bacillus cereus have the highest death rate of 0.227λ, growth dynamic and killing time of bacteria isolates and addition of ciprofloxacin antibiotic at 24th hour using ultraviolet spectrophotometer. it was observed that at 0 hour, Bacillus subtilis has the highest growth rate of 0.251λ and Bacillus cereus have the lowest growth rate of 0.019λ. At the 84th hour, Bacillus kaustophilus has the lowest death rate of 0.152λ and Bacillus subtilis have the highest death rate of 0.097. Proper sanitation of pig house as well as the animals can help minimize the possible organisms found in the swine house which may serve as a major health hazards for people that consume pig and farmers in the pig house. It can also serve as food-borne pathogen posing potential health hazard when pork from infected animals are consumed.