Using Phenomenological Theory for Sustainable Renovation of Historical Open Spaces in Bahrain

Abstract

Lack of understanding of phenomenological theory and sustainable pillars and bodily experience for visitors causes poor design, then a bad feeling of the spaces via their five senses. If so, the complete interaction of users with the quality of such sites will be successful. Moreover, in such schemes, designers try to encourage walkability and staying longer, and enjoy the urban atmosphere in the historical parts of cities. This study aims to achieve sustainable renovation of projects using phenomenological theory when designing historical spaces, streets, squares, and green areas, as a conceptualizing key to the success of such projects. Culture as one of the sustainability pillars is the key limitation of this study. The study used phenomenological theory to analyze the area in renovation projects in the historic district of Manama city, Bab Al Bahrain, Kingdom of Bahrain. The study analyzed the bodily experiences of users at different times of the day. Furthermore, the results of this study illustrated the distraction between users and heritage places if designers ignore the five senses of users for such areas.