Progress in modern crop science research in wheat biology

Abstract

Every crop breeding effort seeks to enhance production. Despite several advances, most worldwide breeding efforts have long sought to improve grain production potential, insect/pest/disease resistance, grain quality, and stress tolerance. Almost all wheat breeding programs aim to increase grain yield potential. Wheat breeders have achieved substantial improvements in crop yield. Genetic transformation, cloning, and genetic engineering increase production potential in wheat. The primary breeding strategy for wheat is the pedigree. However, hybrids and population improvement are also utilized. Breeders utilized biotechnology to increase breeding success. Biotechnology and genome editing are examples of current technology that can improve global agriculture production by assisting crop development. Traditional wheat breeding methods have been supplemented with biotechnology to speed up wheat improvement efforts. These methods will speed up wheat biology research and help to develop wheat breeding plans. However, many programs in developing countries (especially) are still trying to include them.