Efecto de la edad al primer parto sobre la longevidad, el número de días en producción y la producción de leche durante la vida productiva de las vacas lecheras Holstein y Pardo Suizo en Honduras

Abstract

The aim was to determine the effect of age at first calving on longevity, lifetime number of productive days and lifetime milk yield of Holstein and Brown Swiss cows in the tropical savanna of Honduras.  The information was collected from three dairy farms with Holstein (n = 1,391) and four farms with Brown Swiss cows (n = 480), born from 1993 to 2013, managed under intensive systems. The statistical model that described the variables of interest included the effect of farm, group of age at first calving, period of birth, season of birth and the interaction farm x period and the residual error. Effects of farm, period group of age at first calving and interaction of farm x period were found on the response variables. A favorable effect of the cows that had their first calving at an earlier age on lifetime number of days in production and lifetime milk yield, and an increase in longevity, in both Holstein and Brown Swiss cows (P<0.05). In conclusion, cows that calved at an early age had more productive days in the farm and produced more milk during their productive life. Therefore, make the heifers to calf at an early age could be a management strategy to increase productivity in the farm. However, the weight at first calving and physiological aspects of the animal should be taken into consideration.